Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU):
Industry Uses, Properties, and Common Questions
Thermoplastic polyurethane, also known as TPU, is a commonly used material that has many uses in manufacturing and products today.
This elastomer has both the characteristics of both rubber and plastics, giving TPU a uniquely elastic feel while being extremely resistant. This hybrid material is very adaptable; its distinctive properties make it popular in various industries, from shoe to cable manufacture.
Whether you already use Thermoplastic polyurethane in your business, are considering trying it, or are simply curious, let’s dive into its distinctive properties. We will address some of the common questions surrounding this revolutionary material and how you can get started.
What is Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)?
Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) is a widely used synthetic material which combines the properties of both plastic and rubber. It is a type of thermoplastic elastomer made through the polymerization of diisocyanates with short-chain diols.
TPU has an extremely rubbery and elastic finish and is exceptionally resistant to chemicals, abrasion, and outdoor elements. For this reason, it is a common choice for the manufacture of products across many industries like footwear, automotive, and electronics.
Is easy to process and can be reprocessed a number of times. This recyclability reduces waste, making it a more eco-friendly option than many other alternatives.
What is Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) used for?
The high resistance, flexibility, and versatility of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) make it well-suited to many applications and industry uses.
Due to its durable, rubbery texture, It is particularly popular in the footwear and apparel industry for shoe soles, waterproofing, and other components. It is also common in the sports industry for items like ski boots, inflatable rafts, and protective gear.
It has many industrial applications for components like bushings, seals, gaskets, bumpers, hoses, and industrial belts. It is also commonly used for medical equipment, including tubing, catheters, and other devices.
You will also see thermoplastic polyurethane used in common items, like cases and covers for electronic devices, protective coating for wires and cables, air mattresses, inflatable toys, and airbags.
What are the properties of Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)?
Elasticity and flexibility
Thermoplastic-polyurethane (TPU) is extremely elastic which allows it to be deformed and still return to its original shape. It has a soft and rubbery texture which also makes it comfortable and non-slip.
Toughness and durability
TPU is very hard-wearing and can withstand high amounts of stress without breaking or cracking. It is also very abrasion-resistant, making it well-suited for applications that involve friction, contact with harsh surfaces, or exposure to extreme conditions.
Waterproof and weather-resistant
As well as demonstrating good resistance to water, thermoplastic polyurethane is also highly resistant to UV rays, salt water, and harsh weather conditions.
Resistant to chemicals
TPU is highly resistant to many chemicals, oils, and solvents, making it a safe and durable choice even with chemical exposure.
Easy to process and recyclable
As a thermoplastic, TPU can be melted and reprocessed multiple times without being seriously degraded of its properties. Therefore, it is easily recyclable, allowing for more sustainable usage.
Antifungal and antibacterial
Being antifungal and antibacterial allows TPU to be used in food and medical-grade applications safely.
Able to bear heavy loads
As it is so hard to deform, thermoplastic-polyurethane is a popular choice for applications where it must bear heavy weight.
Biocompatibility
Some specialized medical grades of TPU are safe for use in medical applications where they can be in contact with human tissue.
Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) industry uses
Footwear, apparel, and sports industry
Particularly common in the footwear and textile industry, TPU makes an excellent material for the soles of shoes, footwear components, and waterproof rain gear. With durability and puncture resistance, it is also used often in the manufacture of sportswear and sports equipment.
Automotive industry
The toughness and malleability of thermoplastic polyurethane make it suitable for multiple car components as well as interior components and accessories.
Electronics and consumer goods
There are many possible applications for TPU in the electronics and consumer goods sector, especially due to its versatility and colour selection. Cases and covers for electrical equipment, particularly phones and tablets, often use TPU. Other consumer goods could include grips and handles, watch straps, inflatable products, and travel accessories.
Industrial components and construction
Many small components used in the manufacture of goods can use TPU, like gaskets, seals, cable coverings, and sealants. It can also be used for protective gear in construction and labour.
Medical and food industry
Certain types of thermoplastic-polyurethane are medical and food grade. In fact, several types of TPU comply with the food regulations UNE EN 1186-5. These are suitable for medical devices and applications like tubing.
Marine industry
Due to its resistance to UV and salt water, TPU has many uses in the marine industry including for items like life jacket bladders and life rafts.
Frequently asked questions
Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) is technically a thermoplastic elastomer which means it has properties of, and behaves similarly to, both plastic and rubber. It has a rubbery soft texture, is highly flexible, and is also durable and easy-clean like plastic.
Yes, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) is considered highly safe, complying with safety regulations. Certain TPU is also safe for food and medical uses. Due to containing chemicals and possible emissions during the manufacturing process, some individuals may have allergies or sensitivities. However, anti-allergenic varieties are available.
TPU and silicone are comparable materials that display similar qualities of elasticity, rubber-like texture, and durability. However, TPU is a better conductor of heat which makes it preferable in applications like phone cases to stop devices overheating.
Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) is a safe, BPA-free material. It does not involve the use of bisphenol A (BPA) in its production.
Yes, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) is considered highly safe, complying with safety regulations. Certain TPU is also safe for food and medical uses. Due to containing chemicals and possible emissions during the manufacturing process, some individuals may have allergies or sensitivities. However, anti-allergenic varieties are available.
Is TPU better than silicone?
TPU and silicone are comparable materials that display similar qualities of elasticity, rubber-like texture, and durability. However, TPU is a better conductor of heat which makes it preferable in applications like phone cases to stop devices overheating.
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